Royal tyranny, in fact, may have been a significant motivation for Norwegian migration during the reign of King Harald Sigurdsson, or Harald the Ruthless, during the 12th century. However, although most historians would not consider Dudo’s claim that the Vikings engaged in “shameless and unlawful intercourse” to “breed innumerable progeny,” some historians have not discounted the explanation of population pressure as a possible cause for the Viking expansion.In A History of the Vikings, for example, Gwyn Jones highlights persistent overpopulation and a shortage of land, not as a result of rampant and immoral Norse polygamy as Dudo would have us believe, but due to accepted Scandinavian social practices: “Great men had wives by marriage-contract and, if they wished, by loose-bridal. The Vikings could never have begun raiding or indeed settling beyond Scandinavia if they had not developed highly effective boat building and navigation skills; skills that were in evidence by the 4th century AD. https://en.natmus.dk/.../denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age Danish Vikings establish a kingdom in York, England Feb 7, 981. This was many hundreds of years before Columbus. Reasons suggested include population pressure, political pressure, and personal enrichment. Viking Important Events Timeline. By the start of the 11th century the Vikings were at the peak of their expansion. During the Viking Age the first kings appeared, who ruled an area roughly corresponding to present-day Denmark. For any save the very poor a quiverful of sons was welcome. Period: Jan 1, 789. to . Viking Britain. Vikings were very feared even when they had just formed. The Frankish kingdom in particular, as it expanded northwards after c. 770, may have been a contributing factor in the Danish expansion beyond Scandinavia. Elsewhere, the nonmilitary colonization of the Orkney Islands, the Faroe Islands, and Iceland was clearly accomplished by the Norwegians.. England. Many towns suffered including Nantes on the French coast and towns further inland. Once the Vikings were able to penetrate the empire, they began to settle on the Continent and established a powerful kingdom in Normandy. The expeditions may also have been particularly attractive to the sons of large families, who could use such expeditions to obtain the status and wealth that could not be obtained at home. A timeline created with Timetoast's interactive timeline maker. These are all the important events that happened in the Viking age. The reasons for the Viking expansion outside of Scandinavia are debated among scholars. Most historians place the onset of the Viking Age in the 8th century C.E. Viking expeditions in search of honour and booty would have allowed men who had lost their fortunes to regain their wealth and status. Around 700 AD the Viking age began. War and trade overseas provided the Vikings with the precious goods, slaves, and other material goods to make their status achievements a reality in their homelands or in their new settlements.Political upheaval outside of Scandinavia may also have contributed to the Viking expansion. 793: Vikings attack the monastery of Lindisfarne, Northumbria. Viking expansion in Europe between the eighth and 11th centuries: The yellow colour corresponds to the expansion of the Normans, only partly descending from the Vikings. One Viking, Leif Eriksson, son of Erik the Red, actually made it to North America. Vikings begin their attacks on England Feb 7, 866. The city of York in northern England has Viking roots Expansion into Europe and beyond. Debate among scholars is ongoing as to why the Scandinavians began to expand from the eighth through 11th centuries. Some of the key causes identified include over-population, climate change, internal political strife, the desire for honour and loot, and politics abroad.The term ‘Viking,’ meaning “one who fights at sea” or “warfare at sea” in West Nordic, is still used today to describe the peoples of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden who attacked, looted, traded with, and ultimately settled in western and eastern Europe, as well as the Scandinavians who adventured to Iceland, Greenland, and North America, between the 8th to 11th centuries. Viking expansion during the Middle Ages by Max Naylor Click to see larger view. when Scandinavian pirates began to attack the coasts of western Europe, including the violent assaults on churches and monasteries that gave rise to the reputation of the Vikings as bloodthirsty warriors. Historians have theorized a number of factors contributing to the Viking expansion from the 8th to 11th centuries. This climate change, making already difficult living conditions even harsher in the North, combined with population pressure from an earlier period of prosperous farming and milder climate, may well have contributed to the first phase of the Viking expansion, in particular, the Norwegian colonization of the British Isles and the islands of the North Atlantic.In 13th-century Icelandic literary sources, however, a significant force contributing to the Viking migration was not population pressure or climate change, but rather royal tyranny or escape from other forms of internal political strife.

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