American battery firing on British Foot Guards as the British begin their attack on General Sullivan’s Division at the Birmingham Friends Meeting House: Battle of Brandywine Creek on 11th September 1777 in the American Revolutionary War: picture by Lord Cantelupe who was present at the battle as an officer of the Coldstream Guards. At Chad's Ford, really made up of two fords about 450 feet apart, the creek was 150 feet wide and commanded by heights on either side. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979. Sullivan had meanwhile returned to rally his men, but "no Sooner did I form one party but that which I had before formed would Run off. The colonel added that he had seen "Dust Rise back in the Country for above an hour." Baurmeister, Carl Leopold. Place of the Battle of Brandywine Creek: Pennsylvania, west of Philadelphia. The British were forced to halt and take cover a short distance from the base of the hill. 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Washington responded cautiously after the battle. 4th, 5th, 10th, 15th, 17th, 23rd (Royal Welsh Fusiliers), 27th, 28th, 33rd, 37th, 40th, 44th, 46th, 49th, 55th, 64th Regiments of Foot and three battalions of Fraser’s Highlanders or 71st Foot. British Light Dragoon: Battle of Brandywine Creek on 11th September 1777 in the American Revolutionary War, American Units at the Battle of Brandywine Creek:  On the alarm being given, Sullivan marched his right wing of the American army to the North-East and, joining the retreating Hazen, formed his troops on a hill at the Birmingham Meeting House. Both sides were armed with muskets. Smith, Samuel S. The Battle of Brandywine. Mount Vernon is owned and maintained in trust for the people of the United States by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, a private, non-profit organization. On the right, Stirling and Stephen's well-sited 3 and 4 pounder guns, which had been dragged up the hill with tremendous effort, tore holes with canister and grape shot in the ranks of the advancing Hessian jägers and British grenadiers. What is Benjamin Franklin's view of Native... What is psycholinguistics according to Chomsky? The official British casualty figure was 89 killed and 488 wounded, but was probably slightly higher. Unexpected as the landing was, the American main army, numbering roughly 16,000 men, was not in a bad position to defeat or at least contain it. Revolutionary War Series, vol. Sullivan himself was away on the right conferring with Stirling and Stephen, but Brigadier General Preudhomme de Borré, the French commander of the 2d Brigade who commanded in Sullivan's absence, fled with his men (he was forced out of the service after the battle). All rights reserved. Concord, N.H.: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1930. The Mount Vernon Ladies Association has been maintaining the Mount Vernon Estate since they acquired it from the Washington family in 1858. Who proposed the theory of generative grammar? The campaign began when British forces, led by General Sir William Howe departed New York City and sailed up the Chesapeake Bay. In the meantime, the second British column, under Major-General Howe and Major General Lord Cornwallis, marched north from the Kennett Meeting House, to cross the Brandywine Creek some miles upstream of the Chad’s Ford position. General Howe's intention was to sail via the Delaware Bay to the Delaware River, threatening Philadelphia and preventing Washington from reinforcing Major-General Horatio Gates's northern army against Burgoyne. Only a mile further upstream, however, another ford known as Jeffries' provided in conjunction with Trimble's Ford on the west branch of the creek an entirely unguarded route around the American right flank. Lafayette, wounded at the Battle of Brandywine Creek fighting with Sullivan, became a symbol of French assistance to the Americans, and fought through the Revolutionary War, playing an important part at the Battle of Yorktown, which brought the war to an end. At the hills before Chad's Ford, Maxwell's men unleashed an ambuscade from wooded and marshy ground on either side of the road, taking the Tories by surprise and leaving "nearly half of the two corps . By that time the British attack had driven Sullivan’s troops off the hill and Greene and Sullivan were retreating from the field. The Battle of Germantown was Washington’s second defeat in less than a month. Sullivan detached for this purpose a Delaware regiment and Colonel Moses Hazen's mixed "Canadian" Regiment, the latter unit being divided to cover the two upper fords. : Heritage Books, 1996. Translated and edited by Joseph P. Tustin. "Journal of Captain John Montrésor, July 1, 1777, to July 1, 1778." Marching from positions along the Neshaminy Creek in Pennsylvania, the Americans passed through Philadelphia to Darby, Pa., reaching Wilmington, Del. At this point Howe and Cornwallis ordered a series of attacks on the left, right and center of the hill, gradually forcing the Americans off with substantial casualties on both sides. Account of the Battle of Brandywine Creek: "The small arms fire was terrible," wrote one jäger, "the counter-fire from the enemy, especially against us, was the most concentrated.

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